{"id":1018,"date":"2026-01-29T14:44:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T14:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biovantixlab.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=1018"},"modified":"2026-08-08T18:04:37","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T18:04:37","slug":"kpv-ac-kpv-nh2-10mg","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/?product=kpv-ac-kpv-nh2-10mg","title":{"rendered":"KPV  10mg"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"product-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1018\" class=\"elementor elementor-1018\" data-elementor-post-type=\"product\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-631530f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"631530f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6409263 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"6409263\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;start&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"104895075\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950751\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950751\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1048950751\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tDescription\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950752\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950752\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1048950752\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tStorage\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1048950751\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950751\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-897d6be e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"897d6be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44b9fba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44b9fba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b926133 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"b926133\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#1\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>1. <\/span>Overview<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#2\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>2. <\/span>Biochemical Characteristics<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#2\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>3. <\/span>Research Applications<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#2\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>4. <\/span>Pathway \/ Mechanistic Context<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-029a1c3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"029a1c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#4\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>5. <\/span>Preclinical Research Summary<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#5\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>6. <\/span>Form &amp; Analytical Testing<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#5\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>7. <\/span>Referenced Citations<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#5\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span>8. <\/span>RUO Disclaimer<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a49f79b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a49f79b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d0502c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d0502c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59aaf24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59aaf24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Overview<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee5a12a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee5a12a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b63b42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b63b42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Ac-KPV-NH2\u00a0is an acetylated tripeptide (Lys\u2013Pro\u2013Val) corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). In laboratory research, this peptide is evaluated as a chemically defined tool compound for studying inflammatory signaling networks, epithelial transport biology, and downstream transcriptional regulation in cell-based systems and in vivo animal models.<\/p><p>Published work primarily characterizes Ac-KPV-NH2 using experimentally measured molecular, biochemical, and histological endpoints (e.g., cytokine-associated readouts, leukocyte migration indices, and pathway activity markers) under controlled preclinical conditions.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-805a397 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"805a397\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"2\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e03ab05 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e03ab05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1eea56f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1eea56f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biochemical Characteristics\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9269a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9269a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-313789c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"313789c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p><strong>Amino Acid Sequence:<\/strong>\u00a0Lys-Pro-Val<br \/><strong>Molecular Formula:<\/strong>\u00a0C<sub>17<\/sub>H<sub>32<\/sub>N<sub>6<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub><br \/><strong>Molecular Weight:<\/strong>\u00a0384.48 g\/mol<br \/><strong>PubChem CID:\u00a0<\/strong>125672<br \/><strong>CAS Number:<\/strong>\u00a0112965-21-6<br \/><strong>Synonyms:\u00a0<\/strong>MSH (11-13), ACTH(11-13), alpha-MSH(11-13)<strong><br \/><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-771389d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"771389d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_molecular_structure.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1027\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_molecular_structure.webp 300w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_molecular_structure-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_molecular_structure-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64141fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64141fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Source:\u00a0<a title=\"KPV Structure\" href=\"https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/L-Lysyl-L-prolyl-L-valine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PubChem<\/a><\/p><p>Ac-KPV-NH2 is frequently used in experimental settings where compact peptide size supports mechanistic interrogation of peptide\u2013cell interactions, including transporter-associated uptake in epithelial models and downstream pathway profiling using standard biochemical and transcriptional assays.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89a922c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"89a922c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"3\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5455f0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f5455f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd6fbb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dd6fbb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research Applications\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc49a3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc49a3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f48ec5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f48ec5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Ac-KPV-NH2\u00a0has been used in preclinical research workflows including:<\/p><p>\u2022 Experimental intestinal inflammation models to quantify cytokine-associated signaling and tissue inflammatory markers.<\/p><p>\u2022 Epithelial transport studies evaluating PepT1-mediated uptake and inflammation-linked transporter expression changes.<\/p><p>\u2022 Cell-based pathway assays measuring NF-kappaB and MAPK activity endpoints under inflammatory stimulation paradigms.<\/p><p>\u2022 Antimicrobial assay systems assessing peptide\u2013microbe interactions and structure\u2013activity relationships under controlled culture conditions.<\/p><p>\u2022 Matrix remodeling models examining collagen-related endpoints and cytokine-regulated fibroblast signaling markers.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f12065 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f12065\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"4\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67de5a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"67de5a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49efd74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49efd74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pathway \/ Mechanistic Context\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fddb75a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fddb75a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d874b6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d874b6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Across preclinical systems, Ac-KPV-NH2\u00a0is discussed in relation to inflammatory mediator signaling and transcriptional control. Reported experimental readouts include changes in TNF-alpha\u2013associated measurements and downstream pathway markers commonly used to contextualize NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity in inflamed tissue paradigms.<\/p><p>A recurring mechanistic feature in gastrointestinal models is transporter-associated cellular entry via PepT1 (SLC15A1), which has been reported to be upregulated under inflammatory conditions in intestinal epithelium. This provides a framework for studying condition-dependent intracellular exposure and localized pathway modulation in experimental designs.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00f32ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00f32ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"314\" src=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Concentration.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1026\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Concentration.webp 747w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Concentration-300x126.webp 300w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Concentration-600x252.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca78044 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca78044\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Source:\u00a0<a title=\"KPV Effect on TNF-a Concentration\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5498804\/#!po=1.57895\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PubChem<\/a><\/p><p>In published intestinal model figures, interpretation commonly relies on experimentally measured cytokine concentrations, immune cell infiltration indices, and histological scoring metrics as downstream endpoints used to infer pathway activity changes under controlled conditions.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6190fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a6190fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Colon_Weight.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1025\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Colon_Weight.webp 800w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Colon_Weight-300x116.webp 300w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Colon_Weight-768x296.webp 768w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Colon_Weight-600x231.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63b2ebf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63b2ebf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Source:\u00a0<a title=\"KPV Colon Weight\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2431115\/#!po=48.4127\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PubChem<\/a><\/p><p>Where differential effects are reported between inflamed and non-inflamed conditions, the discussion is typically framed as context-dependent differences in measured endpoints, consistent with transporter expression patterns and inflammatory-state biology in the specific model system.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-855637d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"855637d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"5\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3657e2d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3657e2d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902f324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"902f324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Preclinical Research Summary\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e8875f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e8875f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7829a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7829a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p><strong>Intestinal Inflammation<\/strong><\/p><p>In murine models of experimentally induced intestinal inflammation, Ac-KPV-NH2\u00a0exposure has been reported to be associated with measurable changes in inflammation-related endpoints, including inflammatory cell\u2013associated histological markers, MPO activity measurements, and tissue morphology readouts, relative to control conditions. Reported group-level differences have also included changes in weight-associated parameters and other observational readouts used within the model design[2].<\/p><p>Delivery strategies such as nanoparticle loading and hyaluronic acid functionalization have been used in animal studies to evaluate intestinal localization and compartmental exposure. These approaches are typically assessed using local cytokine concentration measurements (e.g., TNF-alpha\u2013associated readouts) and mucosal tissue endpoints in the relevant experimental model[3].<\/p><p><strong>Inflammation-Associated Models<\/strong><\/p><p>Additional preclinical paradigms (e.g., dermatitis models and immune activation settings) have evaluated alpha-MSH fragments using experimentally measured endpoints such as tissue swelling indices, leukocyte migration measures, and cytokine-associated readouts. Comparative discussions between alpha-MSH and shorter fragments commonly focus on differences in receptor engagement and downstream signaling signatures within the specific assay design.<\/p><p>Graph shows ear swelling due to contact dermatitis at 24 hours (left) and 2 weeks (right). Note that co-administration of Ac-KPV-NH2\u00a0with the irritant is nearly as effective as co-administration of alpha-MSH with the irritant at 24 hours. At 2 weeks, however, exposure to the stimulus without co-administration of the peptides shows much less swelling with alpha-MSH compared to Ac-KPV-NH2.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c46cc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c46cc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"476\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Ear_Swelling.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1024\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Ear_Swelling.webp 476w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/KPV_Ear_Swelling-300x106.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56109b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56109b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>Source:\u00a0<a title=\"KPV Ear Swelling\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2095288\/#!po=3.33333\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PubChem<\/a><\/p><p><strong>KPV (Ac-KPV-NH2): Matrix Remodeling \/ Collagen Pathways<\/strong><\/p><p>In experimental wound repair and remodeling studies, alpha-MSH\u2013related peptides are discussed in relation to cytokine-dependent fibroblast signaling and extracellular matrix markers. Reported molecular associations include IL-8\u2013linked measurements and collagen-related pathway endpoints used to interpret remodeling-phase dynamics in preclinical systems.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78dc8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e78dc8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Wound_Healing_and_Scar_Formation.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1023\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Wound_Healing_and_Scar_Formation.webp 500w, https:\/\/md.biovantixlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Wound_Healing_and_Scar_Formation-300x235.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41bc64c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41bc64c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p><strong>Receptor Engagement Context<\/strong><\/p><p>Reported receptor-blocking studies in animal models describe that certain inflammation-associated endpoints attributed to Ac-KPV-NH2 can remain detectable despite blockade of melanocortin receptors implicated in alpha-MSH signaling (e.g., MC3\/MC4), supporting mechanistic discussion of receptor-independent or non-canonical signaling routes in specific experimental contexts.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40ba7b7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40ba7b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"6\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa5e150 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fa5e150\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d98030c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d98030c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Form &amp; Analytical Testing\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f740c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f740c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1c1164 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1c1164\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For research reagent workflows, Ac-KPV-NH2 is commonly characterized using standard analytical methods for synthetic peptides, such as chromatographic purity assessment (e.g., HPLC\/UPLC) and mass-based identity confirmation (e.g., MS). Lot-specific analytical results are supplier- and batch-dependent and should be verified using the corresponding certificate of analysis (COA) when provided.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff5c2db e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff5c2db\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc97ec9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dc97ec9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6030cc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6030cc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Article Author\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8430a7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8430a7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33c8a41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33c8a41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. E. Logan, M.D. Dr. E. Logan holds a doctorate degree from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/case.edu\/medicine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine<\/a> and a B.S. in molecular biology.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b9a618 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0b9a618\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-314a698 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"314a698\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-249673f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"249673f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scientific Journal Author\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f362b7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f362b7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3538970 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3538970\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p><a title=\"Didier Merlin, Ph.D.\" href=\"https:\/\/biomedical.gsu.edu\/profile\/didier-merlin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Didier Merlin, Ph.D.<\/a>\u00a0is a professor at Georgia State University and research career scientist at Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Ga. His research area is the study of intestinal epithelia, as directly related to intestinal bowel disease (IBD). Over one million adults and children in the U.S., including members of the VA population, suffer from IBD, and about 50,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. The VA IBD patients have a much higher rate of colorectal cancer compared to the general population. New therapeutic strategies based on a better understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD will improve the clinical care of veteran and non-veteran patients with this disorder.<\/p><p>Didier Merlin is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Ac-KPV-NH2. In no way is this doctor\/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between Peptide Sciences and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide. Didier Merlin is listed in [4] under the referenced citations.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bfb79d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1bfb79d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"7\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-456f1aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"456f1aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-343a28d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"343a28d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Referenced Citations\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ed0fc7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4ed0fc7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e407573 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e407573\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><ol><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Antiinflammatory activity of a COOH-terminal fragment of the neuropeptide alpha-MSH\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2550304\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">M. E. Hiltz and J. M. Lipton, \u201cAntiinflammatory activity of a COOH-terminal fragment of the neuropeptide alpha-MSH,\u201d\u00a0<em>FASEB J. Off. Publ. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol.<\/em>, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 2282\u20132284, Sep. 1989.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease \" href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article\/14\/3\/324\/4653598\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">K. Kannengiesser\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cMelanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease,\u201d\u00a0<em>Inflamm. Bowel Dis.<\/em>, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 324\u2013331, Mar. 2008, doi: 10.1002\/ibd.20334.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Orally Targeted Delivery of Tripeptide KPV via Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles Efficiently Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28143741\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">B. Xiao\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cOrally Targeted Delivery of Tripeptide KPV via Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles Efficiently Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis,\u201d\u00a0<em>Mol. Ther. J. Am. Soc. Gene Ther.<\/em>, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1628\u20131640, 05 2017, doi: 10.1016\/j.ymthe.2016.11.020.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18061177\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">G. Dalmasso, L. Charrier-Hisamuddin, H. T. T. Nguyen, Y. Yan, S. Sitaraman, and D. Merlin, \u201cPepT1-Mediated Tripeptide KPV Uptake Reduces Intestinal Inflammation,\u201d\u00a0<em>Gastroenterology<\/em>, vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 166\u2013178, Jan. 2008, doi: 10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.10.026.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Effect of alpha-MSH 11-13 (lysine-proline-valine) on fever in the rabbit\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/0196978184900275\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">D. B. Richards and J. M. Lipton, \u201cEffect of alpha-MSH 11-13 (lysine-proline-valine) on fever in the rabbit,\u201d\u00a0<em>Peptides<\/em>, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 815\u2013817, Aug. 1984, doi: 10.1016\/0196-9781(84)90027-5.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, antiinflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo, and future perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18612139\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">T. Brzoska, T. A. Luger, C. Maaser, C. Abels, and M. B\u00f6hm, \u201cAlpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, antiinflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo, and future perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases,\u201d\u00a0<em>Endocr. Rev.<\/em>, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 581\u2013602, Aug. 2008, doi: 10.1210\/er.2007-0027.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"alpha-MSH related peptides: a new class of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating drugs\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17934097\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">T. A. Luger and T. Brzoska, \u201c\u03b1\u2010MSH related peptides: a new class of anti\u2010inflammatory and immunomodulating drugs,\u201d\u00a0<em>Ann. Rheum. Dis.<\/em>, vol. 66, no. Suppl 3, pp. iii52\u2013iii55, Nov. 2007, doi: 10.1136\/ard.2007.079780.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Antimicrobial effects of alpha-MSH peptides\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10670585\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">M. Cutuli, S. Cristiani, J. M. Lipton, and A. Catania, \u201cAntimicrobial effects of alpha-MSH peptides,\u201d\u00a0<em>J. Leukoc. Biol.<\/em>, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 233\u2013239, Feb. 2000, doi: 10.1002\/jlb.67.2.233.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Synthesis and conformational analysis of His-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2 and analogues with antifungal properties\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16926096\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">M. F. Masman\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cSynthesis and conformational analysis of His-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2 and analogues with antifungal properties,\u201d\u00a0<em>Bioorg. Med. Chem.<\/em>, vol. 14, no. 22, pp. 7604\u20137614, Nov. 2006, doi: 10.1016\/j.bmc.2006.07.007.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Improved cutaneous wound healing after intraperitoneal injection of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25431356\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">K. S. de Souza\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cImproved cutaneous wound healing after intraperitoneal injection of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone,\u201d\u00a0<em>Exp. Dermatol.<\/em>, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 198\u2013203, Mar. 2015, doi: 10.1111\/exd.12609.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Modulatory effects of NDP-MSH in the regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy in rats\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24446557\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">C. Lonati\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cModulatory effects of NDP-MSH in the regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy in rats,\u201d\u00a0<em>Peptides<\/em>, vol. 50, pp. 145\u2013152, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016\/j.peptides.2013.10.014.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Gene expression profiling reveals multiple protective influences of the peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in experimental heart transplantation\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16116233\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">G. Colombo\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cGene expression profiling reveals multiple protective influences of the peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in experimental heart transplantation,\u201d\u00a0<em>J. Immunol. Baltim. Md 1950<\/em>, vol. 175, no. 5, pp. 3391\u20133401, Sep. 2005, doi: 10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.3391.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Production and effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone during acute lung injury\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17304115\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">G. Colombo\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cProduction and effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone during acute lung injury,\u201d\u00a0<em>Shock Augusta Ga<\/em>, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 326\u2013333, Mar. 2007, doi: 10.1097\/01.shk.0000239764.80033.7e.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Human dermal fibroblasts express prohormone convertases 1 and 2 and produce proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11511298\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">M. Schiller\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>, \u201cHuman Dermal Fibroblasts Express Prohormone Convertases 1 and 2 and Produce Proopiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides,\u201d\u00a0<em>J. Invest. Dermatol.<\/em>, vol. 117, no. 2, pp. 227\u2013235, Aug. 2001, doi: 10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01412.x.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Terminal signal: anti-inflammatory effects of \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone related peptides beyond the pharmacophore\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21222263\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">T. Brzoska, M. B\u00f6hm, A. L\u00fcgering, K. Loser, and T. A. Luger, \u201cTerminal signal: anti-inflammatory effects of \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone related peptides beyond the pharmacophore,\u201d\u00a0<em>Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.<\/em>, vol. 681, pp. 107\u2013116, 2010, doi: 10.1007\/978-1-4419-6354-3_8.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Dissection of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Core and C-Terminal (KPV) -Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Peptides\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/7277622_Dissection_of_the_Anti-Inflammatory_Effect_of_the_Core_and_C-Terminal_KPV_-Melanocyte-Stimulating_Hormone_Peptides\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">S. J. Getting, H. B. Schi\u00f6th, and M. Perretti, \u201cDissection of the anti-inflammatory effect of the core and C-terminal (KPV) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides,\u201d\u00a0<em>J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.<\/em>, vol. 306, no. 2, pp. 631\u2013637, Aug. 2003, doi: 10.1124\/jpet.103.051623.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"Bibliography1\"><a title=\"Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery of Lysine-Proline-Valine (KPV) Peptide Across Microporated Human Skin\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28343991\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">K. Pawar, C. S. Kolli, V. K. Rangari, and R. J. Babu, \u201cTransdermal Iontophoretic Delivery of Lysine-Proline-Valine (KPV) Peptide Across Microporated Human Skin,\u201d\u00a0<em>J. Pharm. Sci.<\/em>, vol. 106, no. 7, pp. 1814\u20131820, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.1016\/j.xphs.2017.03.017.<\/a><\/li><\/ol><p><strong>ALL ARTICLES AND PRODUCT INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a185c5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5a185c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"8\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f74d1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f74d1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbf522b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbf522b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">RUO Disclaimer\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f8520a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5f8520a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e04b758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e04b758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"s-pdp column main\"><div class=\"s-main-page-grid__container\"><div class=\"s-main-page-grid__content\"><div class=\"s-pdp__contents-wrapper c-pdp-contents\"><div class=\"product info detailed l-page__container\"><div class=\"product product-tab-wrapper mage-tabs-disabled\"><div class=\"product-tab-contents\"><div id=\"product.info.description\" class=\"product-tab-content\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"tab-label-product.info.description\" data-role=\"content\" aria-hidden=\"false\"><div class=\"l-page__container description\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"><div class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"><p>The products offered on this website are furnished for in-vitro studies only. In-vitro studies (Latin: in glass) are performed outside of the body.\u00a0 These products are not medicines or drugs and have not been approved by the FDA to prevent, treat or cure any medical condition, ailment or disease.\u00a0 Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law.<\/p><p><strong>For Laboratory Research Only. Not for human use, medical use, diagnostic use, or veterinary use.<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"pdp-fixed-bar is-visible\"><div class=\"pdp-fixed-bar__container\"><div class=\"pdp-fixed-bar__left-col\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1048950752\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1048950752\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-532f572 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"532f572\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5986954 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5986954\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Storage Instructions:<\/h4><p>All of our products are manufactured using the\u00a0<strong>Lyophilization (Freeze Drying)<\/strong>\u00a0process, which ensures that our products remain\u00a0<strong>100% stable for shipping<\/strong>\u00a0for up to\u00a0<strong>3-4 months<\/strong>.<br \/>Once the peptides are\u00a0<strong>reconstituted (mixed with bacteriostatic water)<\/strong>, they must be\u00a0<strong>stored in the fridge<\/strong>\u00a0to maintain stability. After reconstitution, the peptides will remain\u00a0<strong>stable for up to 30 days<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Lyophilization is a unique dehydration process, also known as cryodesiccation, where the peptides are frozen and then subjected to low pressure. This causes the water in the peptide vial to sublimate directly from solid to gas, leaving behind a stable, crystalline white structure known as lyophilized peptide. The puffy white powder can be stored at room temperature until you&#8217;re ready to reconstitute it with bacteriostatic water.<\/p><p>Once peptides have been received, it is imperative that they are kept cold and away from light. If the peptides will be used immediately, or in the next several days, weeks or months, short-term refrigeration under 4C (39F) is generally acceptable.\u00a0Lyophilized peptides are usually stable at room temperatures for several weeks or more, so if they will be utilized within weeks or months such storage is typically adequate.<\/p><p>However, for longer term storage (several months to years) it is more preferable to store peptides in a freezer at -80C (-112F). When storing peptides for months or even years, freezing is optimal in order to preserve the peptide\u2019s stability.<\/p><p>For further information on proper storage techniques,\u00a0click\u00a0the link below:<\/p><p><blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"M2fHeUiDg3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biovantixlab.com\/peptide-storage\/\">Peptide Storage<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Peptide Storage&#8221; &#8212; BioVantix\" src=\"https:\/\/biovantixlab.com\/peptide-storage\/embed\/#?secret=7Uzk2IMXaF#?secret=M2fHeUiDg3\" data-secret=\"M2fHeUiDg3\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KPV is a synthetic tripeptide fragment derived from the C-terminal sequence of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (\u03b1-MSH). In experimental models, it exerts regulatory effects on inflammatory signaling through melanocortin receptor activation and modulation of the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. KPV is used in research investigating epithelial integrity, cytokine balance, and immune-mediated stress responses.<\/p>\n<p>For research use only. Not for human consumption.<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><br \/>\nGetting SJ et al., <em>Journal of Immunology<\/em>, 1999;163(10):5959\u20135967<br \/>\nLipton JM et al., <em>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences<\/em>, 2009;1170:123\u2013130<br \/>\nGrieco P et al., <em>Peptides<\/em>, 2013;44:111\u2013115<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1688,"template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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